chapter 14 vocab
Core- interior of the Earth, composed of a dense, intensely hot mass of metal, mostly iron, thousands of kilometers in diameter.
Mantle- surrounding the molten outer core is a hot, pliable layer of rock.
Crust- the outermost layer of the Earth is the cool, lightweight, brittle layer of rock that floats on the mantle.
Tectonic Plates- breakup of crust into huge blocks, convection currents move these plates across Earths surface
Magma- molten rock
Mineral- a naturally occurring, inorganic, solid element or compound with a definite chemical composition and a regular internal crystal structure.
Rock- a solid, cohesive, aggregate of one or more minerals.
Rock Cycle- cycle of creation, destruction and metamorphosis or rocks
Igneous Rocks- magma that has been extruded to the surface from volcanic vents that cool quickly to make basalt, rhyolite, andesite, and other fine grained rocks.
Weathering- exposure to air, water, changing temperatures, and reactive chemical agents that slowly break rocks down.
Sedimentation- deposition of weathered materials
Sedimentary Rock- sedimentary materials that have been compacted over a long period of time; sandstone, tuff, and conglomerates.
Metamorphic Rock- preexisting rocks can be modified by heat, pressure, and chemical agents to form this
Smelting- roasting ore to release metals
Heap-Leach Extraction- piling crushed ore in huge heaps and spraying it with a dilute alkaline-cyanide solution. The solution percolates through the pile and dissolves gold
Earthquakes- sudden movements in the Earth’s crust that occur along faults(plans of weakness) where one rock mass slides past another one.
Tsunami- giant seismic sea swells, earthquakes in the ocean are the cause
Volcanoes- undersea magma vents that produce much of the Earth’s crust.
Mass Wasting- mass movement, in which geological materials are moved down slope form one place to another.
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August 31st, 2007 at 2:12 pm
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