chapter 14 notes
Chapter 14 notes
Earth is a dynamic and constantly changing structure
Layered Sphere- Core(composed mainly of iron), Mantle(less dense, hot pliable layer), and Crust(rocks that float on the mantle)
-Continents are made of tectonic plates
-Earthquakes are caused by the grinding of one plate on another
Rocks and Minerals
Naturally occurring, inorganic, solid element or compound with a definite chemical composition and a regular internal crystal structure
-distinguishable traits of minerals 1.) chemical composition 2.) crystal structure
Rock- a mixture of minerals
Rock Types and How They R’ Formed
Igneous- magma extrudes to the surface and cools rapidly
Sedimentary- due to the process of weathering, many kinds of rocks break down and then are compacted( ex. Sandstone, tuff, and conglomerates)
Metamorphic- preexisting rock subjected to high amounts of heat, pressure, and chemical agents
Environmental Effects of Resource Extraction
-Australia, China, Brazil, U.S., Russia and Canada account for the majority of metal extraction.
-mining of these precious metals(aluminum, iron ore, copper, lead) lead to air and water pollution
Mining-open pit, strip, underground
Processing-to extract metals from the ore, a process called smelting is used
another method is heap-leach extraction , piling crushed ore into huge piles and spraying it with a solution
Conserving Geologic Resources
recycling- aluminum, glass, steel, plastics, titanium, copper and paper
Geologic Hazards- earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes
August 14th, 2007 at 11:23 am
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