chapter 19 vocab
Work- the application of force through a distance
Energy- the capacity to do work
Power- the rate of flow of energy, or the rate at which work is done
Joule (J)- the amount of work done when a force of 1 newton is exerted over 1 meter or 1 amp per second flows through 1 ohm
Proven Reserves- coal that is mapped, measured, and shown to be economically recoverable
Black Lung Disease- inflammation and fibrosis caused by accumulation of coal dust in the lungs or airways
Secondary Recovery Techniques- methods for squeezing more oil up from an oil reservoir
Tar Sands- Liquid petroleum can be extracted from these sands with hot water, chemicals, or other stripping processes
Oil Shale- Fine grained sedimentary rock rich in solid organic material called kerogen. When heated it liquefies and oil can be extracted from the stone
Methane Hydrate- composed of small bubbles or individual molecules of natural gas trapped in a crystalline matrix of frozen water
Fuel Assembly- uranium pellets are stacked in hollow metal rods and bundled together
Nuclear Fission- splitting or releasing energy and more neutrons
Chain Reaction- once the fun starts its hard to stop
Control Rods- such as cadmium are inserted into spaces between fuel assemblies to shut down the fission reaction or are withdrawn to allow it to proceed
Breeder Reactor- produce fuel instead of consume it. Create fissionable plutonium and thorium isotopes from the abundant but stable forms of uranium
High-Level Waste Repository- place where intensely radioactive wastes are to be buried deep in the ground
Monitored, Retrievable Storage- alternative, holding wastes in underground facilities where was can be watched
Nuclear Fusion- energy is released when two smaller atomic nuclei fuse into one larger nucleus
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